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Background and Purpose: Adrenergic receptors (AR) are the most extensive therapeutically manipulated drug receptors in the treatment of respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The airways are densely innervated by AR, which are cellular rec...

In-situ burning (ISB) is the controlled burning of oil spilled from a vessel or pipeline. There were multiple ISB events after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on April 20, 2010, including 410 ISBs conducted by the Coast Guard [1]. Proponents of ISB suggest that it offers a rapid ...

EPA in partnership with 10 federal, state, local, and tribal organizations sponsored a science-based challenge to encourage development of new, effective, low-cost approaches (termed "Solutions") to remove PM5 from indoor air, particularly high concentrations related to...

This poster, “Building Factors Influencing Indoor Air Quality During Wildfire Smoke Events,” provides an overview of the results and significance of a field study conducted in Missoula County, MT examining indoor air quality in public and commercial buildings during a...

Background and Purpose: Health effects of inhaled smoke from military burn pits include increased incidences of cardiopulmonary diseases, sinonasal disease, and cancers of the nervous system. Burn pit smoke is a complex mixture of particulate matter (PM), volatile organic compoun...

Combustion of mixed materials during open air burning of refuse or structural fires in the wildland urban interface produces emissions that worsen air quality, contaminate rivers and streams, and cause poor health outcomes including developmental effects. The zebrafish, a freshwa...

Presentation for the AWMA Science of PFAS Conference on characterizing PFAS thermal treatment using online mass spectrometry. In this presentation previously published results from EPA's Rainbow furnace will be discussed to provide context on formation of products of incomplete c...

Aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) are used in firefighting applications, and often contain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which can detrimentally impact environmental and biological health. Incineration is a potential disposal method for AFFFs, which may produce sec...

Background and Purpose: Particulate matter (PM) air pollution poses significant health risks within and beyond the respiratory system, but the physicochemical characteristics of anthropogenic PM that contribute to toxicity are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to...

This summary provides an overview of the Cleaner Indoor Air During Wildfires Challenge: Phase 2 results. This challenge was initiated through a collaborative interagency effort to bring affordable clean air to communities impacted by wildfire smoke. In Phase 1 of the challenge, s...

The do-it-yourself (DIY) air cleaner consisting of a box fan and a furnace filter is a widely used low-cost alternative to commercial air cleaners because of its increased accessibility. We evaluated the clean air delivery rate (CADR) of different DIY air cleaner designs for redu...

Laboratory and field tests examined the potential for unmanned aircraft system (UAS) rotor wash effects on gas and particle measurements from a biomass combustion source. Tests compared simultaneous placement of two sets of CO and CO2 gas sensors and PM2.5 instruments on a UAS bo...

A fire whirl technique was tested for its ability to improve the combustion efficiency of in situ oil burns at sea. The oil burns on water tests were conducted at Texas A&M Engineering Extension Service’s (TEEX) Brayton Fire Training facility located in College Station, Texas. Em...

Members of the Puente Jobos community in Puerto Rico shared with EPA concerns they have about particulate matter in their community and whether the location of the regulatory air monitoring site represents the community's exposure. EPA developed a research study design ...

Members of the Puente Jobos community in Puerto Rico shared with EPA concerns they have about particulate matter in their community and whether the location of the regulatory air monitoring site represents the community's exposure. EPA developed a research study design ...

Members of the Puente Jobos community in Puerto Rico shared with EPA concerns they have about particulate matter in their community and whether the location of the regulatory air monitoring site represents the community's exposure. EPA developed a research study design that invol...

Members of the Puente Jobos community in Puerto Rico shared with EPA concerns they have about particulate matter in their community and whether the location of the regulatory air monitoring site represents the community's exposure. EPA developed a research study design that invol...

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) resulting from wildland fire is a significant public health risk in the United States (U.S.). The existing stationary monitoring network and the tools used to alert the public of smoke conditions, such as the Air Quality Index or NowCast, are not o...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of man-made chemicals that have been in use since the 1940s in a wide array of consumer products. PFAS are persistent in the environment and bioaccumulate. Thermal treatment methods are currently applied to a variety of mater...

Globally, billions of people burn fuels indoors for cooking and heating, which contributes to millions of chronic illnesses and premature deaths annually. Additionally, residential burning contributes significantly to black carbon emissions, which have the highest global warming ...

Plastic flows through the economy have increased from approximately 2 Mt/year in the 1950’s to 368 Mt in 2019, with prospects for quadrupling further by 2050.  A large amount of these plastics is made into packaging, so an emphasis on the sustainability of plastic pack...

Systems engineering can encapsulate many areas of design and production.  A prudent course is to consider the environmental effects in design, construction, operation, product manufacturing and use, and end of life.  To consider these effects requires information about ...

Wildland fires have increased in magnitude over the past several decades, burning millions of acres of natural landscape each year. Over this same time, the number of communities that are adjacent to or intermixed among wildlands has increased. This intersection has led to an inc...

Direct exposure to household fine particulate air pollution (HAP) associated with the inefficient combustion of fuels (wood, charcoal, coal, crop residues, kerosene, etc.) for cooking, space-heating, and lighting is estimated to result in 2.3 (1.6-3.1) million premature yearly de...

Sediments are a major sink for microplastics (MP) and while methods for extracting and identifying MP in sediment have improved in recent years, these methods continue to be time and cost intensive and scientifically rigorous. The cost of specialized identification instrumentatio...